2.3.2 Thermal Characteristics - Tables - Utilities and Energy Management

TABLE 2.3.2-1: ANNUAL HEAT BUDGET, CAYUGA LAKE

INVESTIGATOR	YEARS USED AS BASIS OF CALCULATION	ANNUAL HEAT BUDGET*
INVESTIGATOR	YEARS USED AS BASIS OF CALCULATION	(BTU/FT²)	(J/M²)
Birge and Juday	1910, 1911	144,000	1.6E+09
Henson	1950-1953	137,000	1.6E+09
Sunderam et al.	1968	185,000	2.1E+09
JEEAI	1986-1995 Mean Minimum Maximum	123,000 115,000 130,000	1.4E+09 1.3E+09 1.5E+09

* The annual heat budget is defined as the gain in heat storage in Cayuga Lake from the time of minimum heat content (March) to the time of maximum heat content (August).

Btu/ft²- British thermal units per square foot
J/M² - joules per square meter
JEEAI - J.E. Edinger Associates, Inc.

TABLE 2.3.2-2: AVERAGE MONTHLY HEAT STORAGE PER UNIT SURFACE AREA J/M², WITHOUT THE LSC OPERATION

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUNE

JULY

AUG

SEPT

OCT

NOV

DEC

ANNUAL AVERAGE

1986

6.29E+08

4.92E+08

5.03E+08

7.64E+08

1.18E+09

1.63E+09

1.87E+09

1.98E+09

1.92E+09

1.75E+09

1.37E+09

8.97E+08

1.25E+09

1987

5.89E+08

5.17E+08

5.52E+08

7.84E+08

1.15E+09

1.60E+09

1.88E+09

1.97E+09

1.90E+09

1.68E+09

1.34E+09

9.67E+08

1.24E+09

1988

6.52E+08

5.17E+08

5.16E+08

7.19E+08

1.00E+09

1.46E+09

1.78E+09

1.96E+09

1.88E+09

1.66E+09

1.31E+09

9.76E+08

1.20E+09

1989

6.45E +08

5.13E+08

5.09E+08

6.78E+08

9.91E+08

1.39E+09

1.75E+09

1.87E+09

1.85E+09

1.64E+09

1.36E+09

8.82E+08

1.17E+09

1990

5.82E+08

4.79E+08

5.06E+08

6.60E+08

1.04E+09

1.43E+09

1.76E+09

1.90E+09

1.87E+09

1.72E+09

1.40E+09

1.09E+09

1.20E+09

1991

7.51E+08

6.29E+08

6.12E+08

7.86E+08

1.18E+09

1.61E+09

1.85E+09

1.94E+09

1.93E+09

1.70E+09

1.39E+09

1.02E+09

1.28E+09

1992

6.97E+08

4.74E+08

4.16E+08

5.28E+08

9.48E+08

1.37E+09

1.68E+09

1.81E+09

1.87E+09

1.68E+09

1.34E +09

9.63E+08

1.15E+09

1993

7.03E+08

5.95E+08

5.57E+08

7.28E+08

1.16E+09

1.50E+09

1.85E+09

1.97E+09

1.94E+09

1.67E+09

1.36E+09

9.82E+08

1.25E+09

1994

6.39E+08

5.89E+08

5.91E+08

7.64E+08

1.09E+09

1.54E+09

1.88E+09

1.96E+09

1.90E+09

1.71E+09

1.48E+09

1.12E+09

1.27E+09

1995

8.01E+08

5.84E+08

5.72E+08

6.90E+08

1.03E+09

1.47E+09

1.83E+09

1.98E+09

1.91E+09

1.21E+09

Min.

5.82E+08

4.74E+08

4.16E+08

5.28E+08

9.48E+08

1.37E+09

1.68E+09

1.81E+09

1.85E+09

1.64E+09

1.31E+09

8.82E+08

1.12E+09

Mean

6.69E+08

5.39E+08

5.33E+08

7.10E+08

1.08E+09

1.50E+09

1.81E+09

1.93E+09

1.90E+09

1.69E+09

1.37E+09

9.89E+08

123E+09

Max.

8.01E+08

6.29E+08

6.12E+08

7.86E+08

1.18E+09

1.63E+09

1.88E+09

1.98E+09

1.94E+09

1.75E+09

1.48E+09

1.12E+09

1.32E+09

J/M² - joules per square meter

TABLE 2.3.2-3: AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AND STANDARD DEVIATION RECORDED BY THERMISTORS AT S11, 1995 AND 1996

Average Temperature

1995

10m

20m

30m

40m

50m

60m

65m

70m

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

May

8.8

47.9

7.3

45.2

6.4

43.5

5.8

42.5

5.6

42.0

5.0

41.0

4.6

40.2

4.5

40.1

4.4

40.0

June

15.2

59.3

11.5

52.8

8.9

48.0

7.4

45.3

6.3

43.3

5.4

41.8

5.0

40.9

4.7

40.5

4.8

40.6

July

21.7

71.1

16.7

62.1

10.1

50.1

7.5

45.5

6.2

43.2

5.4

41.8

5.0

40.9

4.8

40.7

4.8

40.6

August

24.4

75.8

19.9

67.8

10.8

51.5

7.6

45.7

6.2

43.1

5.5

41.9

5.0

41.0

4.9

40.8

4.8

40.6

September

19.2

66.5

17.9

64.1

12.3

54.1

8.3

46.9

6.4

43.5

5.6

42.1

5.1

41.2

5.0

41.1

4.9

40.9

October

14.9

58.8

14.3

57.7

12.1

53.8

9.2

48.6

7.0

44.6

6.0

42.8

5.4

41.7

5.2

41.4

5.2

41.3

November

9.1

48.3

9.0

48.1

8.6

47.5

8.2

46.7

7.5

45.5

7.1

44.7

6.5

43.7

6.2

43.1

5.9

42.7

Standard Deviation

1995

10m

20m

30m

40m

50m

60m

65m

70m

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

May

2.0

3.6

1.6

2.9

1.2

2.1

0.9

1.7

0.9

1.6

0.6

1.1

0.5

0.8

0.4

0.7

0.3

0.5

June

3.0

5.3

2.4

4.4

1.8

3.2

1.5

2.7

1.2

2.1

0.6

1.2

0.3

0.6

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.4

July

2.6

4.7

3.4

6.1

2.2

3.9

1.0

1.8

0.7

1.3

0.4

0.7

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.2

August

1.1

2.0

4.0

7.3

3.1

5.5

0.9

1.7

0.5

0.9

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.2

September

2.5

4.4

3.7

6.6

3.9

7.0

2.0

3.5

1.1

2.1

0.5

1.0

0.3

0.5

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.4

October

2.0

3.5

2.5

4.5

2.9

5.2

2.5

4.4

1.8

3.3

1.4

2.5

1.0

1.9

0.6

1.1

0.3

0.5

November

1.9

3.4

1.9

3.3

1.8

3.2

1.7

3.1

1.6

2.9

1.5

2.7

1.2

2.2

1.1

2.0

0.9

1.6

Average Temperature

1996

10m

20m

30m

40m

50m

60m

65m

70m

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

May

7.2

45.0

5.2

41.4

4.8

40.6

4.4

39.9

4.2

39.6

4.0

39.3

4.0

39.2

3.9

39.0

3.8

38.9

June

14.4

57.9

10.1

50.2

6.7

44.1

5.4

41.6

4.6

40.4

4.1

39.3

4.1

39.3

4.1

39.3

4.0

39.3

July

19.6

67.2

15.1

59.1

9.3

48.8

6.4

43.5

5.0

40.9

4.4

39.8

4.1

39.4

4.1

39.5

4.1

39.3

August

21.5

70.7

18.2

64.8

10.2

50.3

6.2

43.1

4.7

40.5

4.2

39.6

4.3

39.7

4.1

39.3

4.1

39.5

September

19.7

67.5

17.3

63.1

11.0

51.8

6.9

44.5

5.1

41.2

4.3

39.8

4.1

39.4

4.1

39.3

4.2

39.6

October

13.3

55.9

12.8

55.0

10.6

51.1

8.7

47.7

7.2

45.0

5.6

42.2

4.8

40.6

4.5

40.1

4.5

40.1

November

9.3

48.7

9.3

48.7

8.8

47.9

8.3

47.0

7.5

45.5

6.8

44.2

6.1

43.1

5.8

42.4

5.5

42.0

Standard Deviation

1996

10m

20m

30m

40m

50m

60m

65m

70m

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

^oC

^oF

May

2.9

5.3

1.7

3.0

1.2

2.2

0.8

1.5

0.7

1.3

0.6

1.1

0.4

0.8

0.4

0.6

0.3

0.5

June

3.7

6.6

3.4

6.1

2.2

4.0

1.1

2.0

0.5

0.9

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

July

1.2

2.2

3.4

6.0

3.7

6.6

2.3

4.2

0.8

1.4

0.2

0.4

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

August

1.6

2.9

2.0

3.6

2.6

4.7

1.3

2.4

0.6

1.0

0.1

0.3

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

September

3.3

6.0

3.6

6.6

3.8

6.9

2.7

4.8

1.3

2.4

0.5

0.9

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.2

October

1.1

2.0

1.5

2.7

2.7

4.9

3.2

5.8

2.9

5.3

2.1

3.8

0.9

1.6

0.5

0.9

0.3

0.5

November

1.3

2.3

1.2

2.1

1.4

2.4

1.5

2.8

1.7

3.0

1.7

3.1

1.4

2.6

1.3

2.3

1.0

1.8

1995 data used in analysis include May 1 to November 29.
1996 data used in analysis include May 3 to Novermber 30.

TABLE 2.3.2-4: MEAN STANDARD DEVIATION AND ROOT MEAN SQUARE OF THE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE (COMPUTED MINUS OBSERVED) FOR THE S11 THERMOGRAPHS FOR THE 1995 RECORD

DEPTH (METERS)	N	MEAN (�C)	STANDARD DEVIATION (�C)	ROOT MEAN SQUARE (�C)
1	155	0	2.27	2.3
10	155	0.1	1.64	1.6
20	155	-0.6	1.54	1.7
30	155	-0.8	0.79	1.1
40	155	-0.6	0.63	0.9
50	155	-0.4	0.37	0.6
60	155	-0.3	0.26	0.4
65	155	-0.3	0.21	0.4
70	155	-0.3	0.17	0.4

Based on 4/28/95 to 9/29/95 and daily averages.

TABLE 2.3.2-5: DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERATURE (C)* BETWEEN INTAKE SEGMENT AND UPLAKE SEGMENT BY DEPTH AND MONTH

Water temperature projected in model segment 7 minus water temperature projected in model segment 12 (average of 10 years).

MEAN
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	-0.09	-0.09	-0.07	-0.02	-0.11	-0.33	-0.52	-0.48	-0.40	-0.20	-0.04	-0.07
10	-0.14	-0.10	-0.05	0.05	0.16	0.15	-0.03	-0.07	-0.29	-0.14	0.10	-0.02
20	-0.11	-0.08	0.03	0.10	-0.17	-0.26	-0.13	-0.11	-0.04	-0.11	-0.15	-0.26
30	0.03	0.02	0.09	-0.02	-0.56	-0.26	-0.09	-0.09	-0.17	-0.41	-0.62	-0.44
40	0.18	0.07	0.11	-0.01	-0.36	-0.05	0.00	-0.01	-0.03	-0.11	-0.28	-0.27
50	0.16	0.02	0.07	0.00	-0.19	-0.02	-0.02	-0.03	-0.04	-0.05	-0.11	-0.19
60	0.09	-0.02	0.06	0.00	-0.11	-0.04	-0.03	-0.04	-0.06	-0.06	-0.07	-0.13
65	0.04	-0.05	0.06	0.00	-0.08	-0.02	0.01	-0.01	-0.03	-0.05	-0.10	-0.12
70	0.02	-0.07	0.05	0.01	-0.07	-0.01	0.03	0.01	-0.01	-0.03	-0.08	-0.16

STANDARD DEVIATION
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	0.22	0.18	0.14	0.21	0.32	0.58	0.61	0.41	0.27	0.25	0.25	0.19
10	0.26	0.16	0.15	0.37	0.80	1.03	0.81	0.60	0.50	0.41	0.39	0.26
20	0.40	0.27	0.25	0.48	0.77	0.71	0.48	0.42	0.50	0.35	0.32	0.28
30	0.44	0.39	0.30	0.43	0.64	0.65	0.28	0.30	0.47	0.58	0.45	0.39
40	0.43	0.47	0.36	0.37	0.44	0.39	0.16	0.14	0.18	0.35	0.49	0.38
50	0.38	0.39	0.41	0.33	0.29	0.26	0.11	0.08	0.10	0.24	0.47	0.38
60	0.30	0.29	0.40	0.28	0.21	0.18	0.11	0.08	0.08	0.12	0.36	0.37
65	0.24	0.21	0.36	0.26	0.16	0.15	0.09	0.07	0.07	0.09	0.24	0.35
70	0.21	0.18	0.34	0.23	0.14	0.14	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.07	0.19	0.32

MAXIMUM DIFFERENCE
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	0.62	0.38	0.53	1.17	0.75	1.19	0.67	0.49	0.13	0.52	1.12	0.70
10	0.81	0.64	0.86	2.43	3.18	4.18	2.28	2.38	1.16	0.75	1.27	1.03
20	1.09	0.78	0.89	1.95	1.91	2.55	1.54	1.10	1.61	0.98	0.69	0.57
30	1.29	1.47	0.91	1.10	1.13	1.30	1.25	0.78	0.69	0.80	0.40	0.80
40	1.63	2.35	1.30	1.17	0.54	0.95	0.81	0.69	0.78	0.55	0.99	0.84
50	1.30	1.88	1.71	1.40	0.58	0.85	0.38	0.33	0.24	0.81	1.02	1.02
60	1.21	1.30	1.77	1.01	0.74	0.64	0.16	0.17	0.14	0.51	2.00	0.99
65	0.85	0.96	1.46	0.96	0.50	0.38	0.19	0.10	0.08	0.11	0.80	1.27
70	0.79	0.79	1.71	0.90	0.46	0.42	0.21	0.10	0.08	0.11	0.21	0.75

MINIMUM DIFFERNCE
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	-1.04	-1.07	-0.50	-1.04	-1.42	-2.70	-2.83	-2.27	-1.68	-1.11	-0.81	-1.29
10	-1.16	-0.77	-0.86	-1.41	-1.74	-3.35	-1.99	-1.76	-1.76	-1.45	-1.47	-0.73
20	-1.32	-0.91	-0.77	-2.52	-2.55	-2.77	-2.46	-1.73	-1.63	-1.15	-1.48	-1.11
30	-1.19	-1.06	-0.67	-1.65	-3.45	-5.07	-1.80	-2.79	-3.38	-3.25	-1.98	-1.59
40	-0.98	-1.24	-1.02	-1.24	-1.82	-2.73	-0.70	-0.68	-0.99	-1.93	-1.96	-1.36
50	-1.21	-1.12	-1.02	-0.93	-1.33	-1.75	-1.18	-0.35	-0.49	-1.27	-1.79	-1.36
60	-0.45	-1.42	-1.34	-0.92	-1.22	-1.02	-0.70	-0.40	-0.38	-0.52	-1.78	-1.30
65	-0.33	-0.35	-0.99	-0.85	-0.80	-0.63	-0.40	-0.49	-0.39	-0.61	-1.65	-1.39
70	-0.34	-0.36	-0.76	-0.64	-0.63	-0.71	-0.25	-0.36	-0.38	-0.44	-1.32	-1.66

* To convert to �F, multiply by 1.80.

TABLE 2.3.2-6: DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERATURE (C)* AT THE MODEL SEGMENT CONTAINING THE LSC OUTFALL BY DEPTH AND MONTH, WITH AND WITHOUT LSC

Monthly averages developed from 10 years' model output.

MEAN
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	0.04	0.05	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00	-0.01	0.00	0.03	0.02	0.03
10	0.06	0.04	0.06	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.03	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.02
20	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.04	0.06	0.08	0.05	0.03	0.02

STANDARD DEVIATION
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	0.20	0.11	0.13	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.06	0.06
10	0.21	0.14	0.11	0.04	0.07	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.03
20	0.29	0.24	0.17	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.03

MAXIMUM DIFFERENCE
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	1.53	0.47	0.67	0.43	0.30	0.34	0.32	0.16	0.12	0.20	0.20	0.46
10	1.79	0.52	0.53	0.25	0.45	0.39	0.36	0.57	0.31	0.25	0.47	0.12
20	1.89	1.27	0.76	0.27	0.25	0.30	0.28	0.28	0.45	0.29	0.22	0.19

MINIMUM DIFFERENCE
METERS	JAN	FEB	MAR	APR	MAY	JUN	JUL	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	-0.40	-0.37	-0.42	-0.31	-0.17	-0.27	-0.22	-0.13	-0.18	-0.11	-0.32	-0.17
10	-0.39