TABLE 2.3.6-1: FACTORS AFFECTING ZEBRA MUSSEL DISTRIBUTION
|
PARAMETER |
PREFERRED RANGE(1) |
RANGE, CAYUGA LAKE(2) |
|
Salinity (g/l) |
<8-10 Na(3) |
0.05(4) |
|
Temperature (°C) |
12 (for Reproduction) |
4-6 (Intake Region) |
|
pH |
>7.0 |
7.9-8.7 |
|
Calcium (mg/l) |
>25(7) |
43(5) |
|
Potassium (mg/l) |
<6(7) |
2.6(4) |
|
Ammonia (mg/l) |
<2(3) |
<0.16 |
|
Oxygen (mg/l) |
>2.0(6) |
8.3-12.0 |
|
Alkalinity (mg/l as CaCO3) |
>85(7) |
120(5) |
mg/l = milligrams per liter
CaCO3 = calcium carbonate
g/l = grams per liter
(1) EPRI 1992 unless otherwise noted
(2) Source: Cayuga Lake Sampling, City of Ithaca, NY, Stearns & Wheler, May 1995
(3) Maryland Sea Grant 1993
(4) Dahlberg 1973
(5) Station P4 only, 60 m (197 feet) depth
(6) Reference: Ohio Sea Grant 1993
(7) Smythe 1996
TABLE 2.3.6-2: 1995 MUSSEL COLONIZATION EXPERIMENTS STATION S11 RESULTS
|
DEPTH, METERS (FEET) |
APPARATUS |
DAYS OF EXPOSURE |
ESTIMATED MUSSEL DENSITY, NO./SQ. METER(1) (NO./SF) |
|
7.5 (25) |
Pipe |
229 |
881-1322 (82-123) |
|
15 (49) |
Pipe |
229 |
220 (20) |
|
30 (98) |
Pipe |
229 |
92 (8.6) (2) |
|
61 (200) |
Plate rack |
229 |
8 (0.75) (3) |
(1) From Ichthyological Associates, Inc. March 29, 1996 letter for the period April 28, 1995 through December 13, 1995 for mussels >3 millimeters (0.12 inches) length.
(2) One confirmed quagga mussel included in density calculation.
(3) Based on total area of all plates.
TABLE 2.3.6-3: AVAILABLE MUSSEL CONTROL STRATEGIES
|
CHEMICAL |
Oxidants: Chlorine Bromine Ozone Chloramines Chlorine dioxide Potassium permanganate Hydrogen peroxide |
Nonoxidizing Molluscicides: |
|
NON-CHEMICAL |
Velocity Pipeline pigging Coatings Materials Filtration/screening |
Biological |
|
EXPERIMENTAL |
Ultraviolet radiation |
|
